This documentation is automatically generated by online-judge-tools/verification-helper
#define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/lca"
#include "../../library/contest/template-minimal.hpp"
#include "../../library/graphs/lca-jump.hpp"
int main() {
using namespace std;
cin.tie(0)->sync_with_stdio(0);
int n, q; cin >> n >> q;
LCAJump L;
L.init(n);
for (int i = 1; i < n; i++) {
int p; cin >> p;
L.ae(i, p);
}
L.gen(0);
while (q--) {
int u, v; cin >> u >> v;
cout << L.lca(u, v) << '\n';
}
}
#define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/lca"
#include <algorithm>
#include <array>
#include <bitset>
#include <cassert>
#include <chrono>
#include <cmath>
#include <complex>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <cstring>
#include <ctime>
#include <deque>
#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
#include <list>
#include <map>
#include <numeric>
#include <queue>
#include <random>
#include <set>
#include <stack>
#include <string>
#include <unordered_map>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;
struct LCAJump {
int n;
std::vector<std::vector<int>> par;
std::vector<std::vector<int>> adj;
std::vector<int> depth;
void init(int _n) {
n = _n;
int d = 1;
while ((1 << d) < n) d++;
par.assign(d, std::vector<int>(n));
adj.resize(n);
depth.resize(n);
}
void ae(int x, int y) {
adj[x].push_back(y);
adj[y].push_back(x);
}
void gen(int root = 0) {
par[0][root] = root;
dfs(root);
}
void dfs(int src = 0) {
for (int i = 1; i < (int)par.size(); i++) {
par[i][src] = par[i - 1][par[i - 1][src]];
}
for (int nxt : adj[src]) {
if (nxt == par[0][src]) continue;
depth[nxt] = depth[par[0][nxt] = src] + 1;
dfs(nxt);
}
}
int jump(int x, int d) {
for (int i = 0; i < (int)par.size(); i++) {
if ((d >> i) & 1) {
x = par[i][x];
}
}
return x;
}
int lca(int x, int y) {
if (depth[x] < depth[y]) std::swap(x, y);
x = jump(x, depth[x] - depth[y]);
if (x == y) return x;
for (int i = (int)par.size() - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
int nx = par[i][x];
int ny = par[i][y];
if (nx != ny) x = nx, y = ny;
}
return par[0][x];
}
};
int main() {
using namespace std;
cin.tie(0)->sync_with_stdio(0);
int n, q; cin >> n >> q;
LCAJump L;
L.init(n);
for (int i = 1; i < n; i++) {
int p; cin >> p;
L.ae(i, p);
}
L.gen(0);
while (q--) {
int u, v; cin >> u >> v;
cout << L.lca(u, v) << '\n';
}
}